SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is a system used to monitor and control devices remotely, so SCADA is often utilized as an industrial facility. This system integrates hardware and software to collect, process, and display data in real-time, as well as send control commands to field devices. SCADA has three main functions, namely, Telesignaling (sending signals in the form of status or indications), Telecontrol (control remotely by the control center to equipment in the system) and Telemetering (Delivery of measurement results of electric power quantities) (Hurlatu et al: 2016). Of course, SCADA has several components that run every process in the system. The following are the components in the SCADA system:
RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)
The Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) serves as a link between sensors and actuators in the field with the SCADA control center. RTU has a set of CPUs programmed to collect data from sensors, execute control logic, and transmit the data to the SCADA control center for further monitoring and analysis. In addition, the RTU is also a communication medium that receives commands from the control center and forwards those commands to actuators to control field processes and vice versa.
Data Telecommunication Network Media
Data Telecommunication Network Media is an intermediary used for data transmission by RTU to Master Station. This telecommunication media consists of Power Line Carrier (PLC), Fiber Optic Network, Radio Link / GPRS and other communication media.
HMI (Human Machine Interface)
Human Machine Interface (HMI) is located in MTU in the form of a monitor or large screen that displays data on process conditions in the field. The HMI is operated by an operator who will control, give remote commands, and retrieve necessary data.
MTU (Master Terminal Unit)
Master Terminal Unit (MTU) is a control center room in which there are computer devices and a place for processing data from RTU.
The SCADA system collects data from sensors in the field, then sends it to the control center (MTU) through the telecommunication network by RTU. At the MTU, the data is processed and displayed in the form of graphs or other visual displays by the HMI. Then the stage of monitoring process conditions in real-time and taking the necessary actions to optimize system performance through the HMI.
The use of a SCADA system with components that help remote work provides several benefits including being able to easily determine the diagnosis of tools, tools that experiencing problems will be directly identified by the operator and can be immediately repaired. In addition, a faster system makes good time efficiency. With this system the industry does not require direct checking, simply by checking in MTU all data can be accessed quickly. With the SCADA control system that can be directly controlled and monitored through HMI, this can reducing labor risks. Not only that, this system can also stop operations if there is severe interference without the need for a field service visit.
From the explanation above, we know that SCADA is a very important system in modern industry to ensure efficient, safe, and reliable operations. With the continuous development of technology, SCADA will be increasingly integrated with other advanced technology solutions, providing greater ability to manage and control industrial processes.
Author: Nabilah Safa Syafiqah
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